Book Cover for Chapter 17

The following picture is supposed to be for a book cover in Chapter 17, which covers the Industrial Revolution in late 19th and early 20th century

Skill, luck, hard-work, or opportunity.

Supply chain management definition

Supply chain management (SCM) is the active streamlining of a business' supply-side activities to maximize customer value and gain a competitive advantage in the marketplace.
Link

Smoke Signals Essay

Smoke Signals is a movie where Native Americans first struggle with their history, but eventually learn to appreciate this history and use it to their advantage. The film starts life out on a reservation in Idaho, but before long two Indians must make the trek to Arizona where they are greeted with stereotypes of all kinds. 

The film Smoke Signals, carried a heavy tone where the two main characters, Victor and Thomas, have to deal with stereotypes as well as the general history about Native Americans and are treated unfairly because of these said stereotypes. For example, as Victor and Thomas make their way to Arizona they briefly get off the bus to buy Thomas a new shirt, but when they return their seats have been stolen by two white men that look like (even though this is a stereotype) the typical racist redneck with their trucker hats and support of guns. After telling the men they were sitting in those seats, the white men insult them and tell them to move to the back of the bus. The film exemplifies how many citizens think that they can boss around Indians just like the government did, and how this leads them to be treated as second class citizens. Earlier on the bus ride, a woman from Mississippi was complaining about being only an alternate on the US gymnastics Olympic team and compares herself to Indians. This sets Victor off as he sees no way that being close to the Olympics and having to deal with the terrible treatment from not only the government but also the average everyday American citizen. This shows how the average American looks down on Native Americans for letting the government take over the culture, move them out of their homes and take over their land. The average American sees the Indian as weak, as they do not understand everything Indians had to endure, which is something many Native Americans will always have to deal with.

 Victor and Thomas however use these stereotypes and history to empower themselves and accept their culture rather than move away from it. Their are many times in the film when Thomas will tell some ridiculously long elaborate tale to get something that he needs. Whether it be a ride to the bus stop, or information about Victor's father, he embraces this stereotype of Indians passing down their stories, and uses this as an advantage by learning how to tell them through experiencing someone like his grandmother telling stories to him. At the end of the movie, Victor and Thomas are caught in a car crash with a woman suffering potentially fatal injuries, Victor thinks of all the things his father has done as well as other Indians in the past, he sets off on a 20 mile run with Indian music going on in the background before eventually finding help and getting help to the injured woman.

          All in all Smoke Signals is a very empowering film for Native Americans depicting how to let one’s culture help on their road to success, but unfortunately a person will always be met with stereotypes about themselves. The film exemplifies how a Native American needs strength to overcome these obstacles, and listening to their history will only help.

History of the Swastika

The Swastika was used by many cultures, and was even discovered being used over 5,000 years ago. The Swastika was a big fad among Americans before World War II with the American military, Boy and Girl scouts using and even Coca-Cola.  However when the Nazi's discovered it, instead of having the swastika be a symbol of peace interpreted it as a symbol for Aryans. http://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-29644591

Newspaers from way out west

The Carson Daily Appeal featured out of Carson City, Nevada, would often times have more ads
than actual reading material. For example, the page that I spent the most time had three and a half out of 5 columns covered by ads. These ads typically consisted of companies that instead of trying to garner new employees, would be promoting their services to the general public. The main story on this page was not written by
 The Carson Daily Appeal but by the St.Louis Democrat describing how infamous outlaw and former confederate soldier Sam Hildebrand has decided to hang up his boots and to continue a life of peace rather than crime. As well as there being an ad attempting to find a man's brother to tell him that he had died.  Insurance looked to be a hot commodity seeing as the three main ads on the page were trying to sell insurance.

The Sacramento Daily Record not only covered local stories, but gave an overview of what was happening locally, but also what was happening around the world. Covering stories about an arsonist in Colorado who was chased by a mob, as well as a criminal case in London called the Bradlaugh case. These summaries covered almost the entire front page, except for a giant ad about Weinstock's and Lupin department store which was trying to get applicants for jobs in which they would hold up to 125 adults.

Modern Slavery research

Sources: 

CNN- Irani diplomat claims ISIS stealing organs, uses example of 12 doctors found murdered saying it was because they refused to remove organs, as well as other Irani civilians being found dead with organs missing. 

Organ removal Huffington Post- This basically repeats the same thing the CNN article does

Superb owl Huffington Post- This blog claims that the Super bowl is known as "the largest event of sex trafficking in the world", however this is more prostitution rather than just 100% sex slavery

Isis Slave trade Huff post- The blog talks about how ISIS makes so much money of off typically Yazidi or Sunni women, probably in the millions, by selling these women that they take from their homes, but also raping them in the time between taking and selling.

ISIS Sex slaves NYTimes- Multiple first person sources, typically rape victims of ISIS, that explain how ISIS justifies them raping little girls. One person is quoted as saying, "it's not rape, it's halal (permissible) since the girls were of different religions than Islam. Also having ISIS members claim it is encouraged that they rape "non-believers." 

The exodus road statistics/ prostitution vs sex trafficking- According to International Labor organization at least 20.9 million people are slaves today with 4.5 people being sex slaves, 2.2 million being forced labour slaves that are being forced by either a military or prison. And the rest being forced labour.

Glory & 12 Years a Slave essay

    In the movies 12 Years a Slave, and Glory, these films were able to keep historically accurate portrayals, that can keep an audience well informed, as well as drawing the audience in to watch the film by embellishing some tales and adding some more detailed action sequences. For example, in 12 Years a Slave, there is a scene on the slave boat where a slave is murdered by one of the sailors on the boat for trying to stop him before he rapes another slave. However, in this scene, the sense of all human rights being lost for the slaves as well as to add a sense of dread that Solomon may never have a chance to ever escape is provided making it a very important one to the movie. The only components missing to this film according to this times.com article are the slave overseer Tibeats was not captured chasing down Solomon with an axe, and there is no specific recorded instance that Mistress Epps injured Patsy, however it is entirely possible considering that according to the this atlantic review, the book, 12 Years a Slave by Solomon Northup, Mistress Epps wanted Patsy dead, and talked to Solomon it seems that Patsy didn’t want to commit suicide, it was just a misunderstanding from the language used in the book, that Mistress Epps was actually the one that wanted Patsy dead. The way time is shown in the movie is also very intriguing, obviously it is completely unrealsitic to believe someone can show 12 years of action in 2 hours, but the director manages o get a sense of time across by subtly showing different seasons throughout the movie. The movie, 12 Years a Slave, manages to keep audience on the edge of their seat throughout the over 2 hour film, while staying true to the original story and sacrificing a few minor details to enhance the cinema going experience. Nearly the same thing happens in the movie, Glory, the opening battle scene is shortened to a few minutes and shown with faster moving parts that allows the director to fit a battle that probably lasted for several hours to 5 minutes. Allowing for an eye catching scene to start off the film and grab everyone's attention. Glory way similar to the actual events that transpired but was "Americanized" as to not show much of the part of the Civil War that makes the Americans look bad such as the mistreatment of black people by ordinary citizens and military officers alike. I found a book review for the book, Glory, and found that Robert Gould Shaw was portrayed precisely by the movie, as he was in the book. The book review shows that Robert Gould Shaw was a real person that did control the very first unit of black soldiers in the Civil War, and he had a humane way of fighting in the Civil War. When the 54th regiment first gets to start marching in the south, the movie shows them go into a town called Darien, Georgia and loot and destroy the entire town before eventually setting Darien ablaze. All Gould Shaw could do was sit there and watch while a higher commanding officer shouted these orders at both his regiment and another. This actually did happen, which I found out from an article by the NYTimes, and for many years Georgians and southerners detested Gould Shaw believing he was the root of this happening, which is fair considering his stature and ranking. But, when the movie came out it helped spread the message that Gould Shaw was not the evil man Georgians thought he was and more importantly showed how people can learn from movies about history. All in all movies are a very useful and entertaining tool that can and should be used to show historical events.
Sources:

New York times film review by Vincent Camby - I used this as an introduction to Glory and to see how accurately the 54th regiment as well as battle scenes were shown.

One Gallant Rush. Robert Gould Shaw and his Brave Black Regiment by Peter Burchard - I used this to see how well Robert Gould Shaw was portrayed in the movie.

New York Times review by Richard Bernstein - I used this since it talked about how black soldiers in the Civil War fought against prejudice and didn't just talk about the movie.

New York Times historical review by Michael Cieply - I used this since it gave a very descriptive and went over how accurate the movie was as well as describing how it could change the genre of slave movies.

The Atlantic review by Noah Berlatsky -I used this to see what was fact and fiction in 12 Years a Slave.

Time review by Eliana Dockterman - I used this to see what was fact and fiction in 12 Years a Slave.

LOC Newspaper archives- I used this to search to see if Solomon Northup's kidnapping was reported in any paper which it wasn't.

Reverse Underground railroad- I used this to find out how often free men were kidnapped and sold as slaves
Reverse Underground railroad Chicago tribune Reverse Underground Railroad by Chicago Tribune- I used this to get a credible resource about the reverse underground railroad

Real life picture of slavery in the United States

Example of a slave ship like the one Solomon Northup was on

The 54th regiment in Glory

Poster advertising for the 54th regiment of Massachusetts, the same as the one in Glory.

Solomon Nortup as a slave in 12 Years a Slave

Reflection on paraphrase practice

I have learned today how to effectively paraphrase and when to use them, how a writer can get his ideas across while quoting another author. Paraphrasing is an effective way to use a quote from another person in an essay without having to fully dissect the quote. Quoting can also be effective in a form of writing when the quote is very complex, and needs to be dissected in a thorough manner, and when a statement is polarizing and helps the overall essay.

I understand that I should only use a direct quote when it adds power and style to my writing.

I understand that I should always make it clear, from context, that I understand the full meaning of the quote.

I understand that whether I quote or paraphrase, I must always be transparent about the source and how I’m using it.

I understand that if I use another author’s exact words or phrases, to any extent, I have to use quotation marks and give credit.

I understand that if I use another author’s presentation of facts or ideas, but put their ideas in my own words, (paraphrase) I better have a good reason for doing so, and I MUST give credit.

I understand that hyperlinking is so easy, there is no excuse for not being transparent about my sources.  

Practicing Incorporating Question

Glory presented the Civil War as an extremely bloody war that was fought by even more extremely proud men. The movie review by New York Times also shares the same point of view by saying, "The toll taken in each battle was, of course, enormous. Yet still the men continued to move forward. They had to believe in what they were doing." The New York Times and myself credit the movie with being historically accurate and portraying the Civil War as destructive, but the destruction didn't lower the morale of the soldiers fighting.

Paraphrase practice

This is an excerpt from the NY Times review of the movie, Glory:"The attack on Fort Wagner, which is the climax of the movie, comes as close to anything I've ever seen on screen to capturing the chaos and brutality that were particular to the Civil War battles. Weapons maimed as often as they killed. Soldiers were so disciplined that they marched in firm lines into the sights of guns fired at point-blank range. Hand-to-hand combat was commonplace." 

My paraphrase of this excerpt: "At the peak of the movie, the battle at Fort Wagner accurately represented how a battle during the Civil war would look like. Basically, a crazy inhumane bloodbath. The Guns, cannons, and swords weren't always a fatal blow, often times horribly injuring someone. The soldiers had the restraint so that they didn't falter and forged straight ahead into the enemy's gunfire, despite it being an almost certain suicide mission. Hand to hand combat was also used very well." 

Glory film review

Link I am working with: http://www.nytimes.com/movie/review?res=950DE4D8113FF937A25751C1A96F948260
Partners: Matthew Phillips & Jake Weese

The effects of cotton picking

The past couple of days in US History, my class was assigned assignments to find evidence for various events. The last one being about the effect of cotton on the US economy in the 1800's as well as the inventions that sped this process up. Cotton was an essential part of the US economy, without many economical struggles were bound to happen, as cotton was definitely the first or second most important crop in the United States. Due to inventions being made to reduce the time from when the cotton was picked to when it wound up in the customer's hand, this led to even more inventions to reduce that time. For example, the mechanized loom, also known as the power loom, lead to the invention of the spinning jenny, which lead to Eli Whitney inventing his version of the cotton gin. Cotton was so impactful on the US economy that it lead to a similar, albeit smaller, version of the 1849 gold rush. But, this time people moved to the southeast United States to plant cotton.

Empathy vs Sympathy

Sympathy-the fact or power of sharing the feelings of another, especially in sorrow or trouble; fellow feeling, compassion, or commiseration. 
Empathy-the psychological identification with or vicarious experiencing of the feelings, thoughts, or attitudes of another.

Dictionary.com makes these definitions seem very textbook when in fact they aren't, well at least one of them. Sympathy is a very standard word, to have a feeling that another person has. Empathy on the other hand gets confused a lot. Many people think that to empathize with someone it is the same as sympathy, but to actually experience what the other peson is feeling. The fact is that this  is not 100% true. A person can take something similar that happened to them and apply this to their situation and imagine what it is like for the other person. For example, if your friend just failed the latest math quiz, meanwhile you didn't do your webassign then it is pretty to see what your friend is going through. Sympathy and empathy are very similar to each other. Sympathy and empathy are a lot like rectangles and squares, a square is always a rectangle, but a rectangle is not always a square. When empathizing you are always sympathizing with another person, but when sympathizing, you are not always empathizing. 

Empathy is a crucial element for history so historians (or history students and teachers) can read about the past and understand the troubles of the past and why people reacted the way they did. 

American history before the civil war

In 1607 the first permanent English settlement was started in Jamestown, Virginia. The first slave ships set sail for America in 1619, meanwhile the pilgrims arrived a year later. From 1626 to 1732 the 13 colonies were established. And these colonies grew rapidly by over 1.3 million people in a 60 year span. The United States of America was impacted by Britain needing to tax them even more due to the French and Indian war, but the colonists rejected this motion. In response to this, a continental congress is called in Philadelphia in 1775, discussing how to handle and defend from the British. Only a year later was the Declaration of Independence written up. 5 years after the Declaration was signed America's first government the Articles of Confederation was written up. In 1787, The US acquires more land with the Northwest Ordinance, and the constitutional convention discuses federal government voting, as well as a brand new government. This is where the Constitution was made. In 1791, the bill of rights was written, making the first amendments to the constitution. The US expands again with the Louisiana purchase in 1801, and again nearly 20 years later with the Missouri compromise . 1808, slaves can no longer be imported into America. The US again expands from the fallout of the Mexican war. Slavery is banned in states acquired from Mexico, but nowhere else. The US bought New Mexico and Southern Arizona in 1853 with the Gadsden purchase. The Republican party was found due to the basis of opposing slavery. The supreme court overturned a part of the Missouri compromise and said that the spread of slavery could not be prohibited. In 1861, the deadliest war in American history begins with the civil war, before the civil war and slavery come to a halt in 1865. The United States was able to grow as a nation by being able to trade and sell their crops such as cotton, and tobacco. Then later using this money to buy land such as the Gadsden and Louisiana purchase. The USA was able to stay united because of things like the Missouri compromise, where the north and the soputh compromised with slavery so that everyone went home happy.